Where it is and what it does
TODO(content)Origin, insertion, parts and joint actions wait for a reviewed muscle research doc (docs/research/muscles/serratus-anterior.md) citing a verified anatomy source. The OpenStax Anatomy and Physiology entry (S025) is still marked “To verify”.
Nerve supply
TODO(content)Innervation to be added from the verified anatomy source.
How pressing trains it
On a bench, your shoulder blades are pinned back against the pad, so the serratus anterior mainly steadies them (mechanical reasoning, low certainty). In a push-up your shoulder blades are free, and the serratus spreads them apart as you press. Finishing each rep with an extra push, the “push-up plus”, emphasises the serratus relative to the upper trapezius [1].
Common problems
TODO(content)Brief, non-diagnostic notes on common problems wait for the muscle research doc. If you have pain in this area, see a doctor or physiotherapist.
Works alongside
- Pectoralis major (chest)
How sure are we
| Claim | Certainty | Basis |
|---|---|---|
| The push-up plus emphasises serratus anterior relative to the upper trapezius. | Moderate | [1] |
Sources
- Ludewig PM, Hoff MS, Osowski EE, Meschke SA, Rundquist PJ. Relative balance of serratus anterior and upper trapezius muscle activity during push-up exercises. Am J Sports Med. 2004;32(2):484–493. PubMed 14977678Verified · checked 22 Oct 2026